461 kbFirst Record of the Horse-chestnut Leafminer
Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) on Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae)
in Ukraine. Akimov I. A., Zerova M. D., Gershenson Z. S., Narolsky N. B.,
Kochanez O. M., Sviridov S. V. — A new information concerning appearance of the
horse-chestnut moth Cameraria ohridella in Ukraine is represented. A generalized
review of the literature sources is given, containing the main data connected
with distribution, biology, ecology and methods of the integrated plant protection
control of the above mentioned pest of Aesculus hippocastanum. The structure of
genitalia of both sexes is discussed.
Key words: integrated pest management, urban areas, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cameraria
ohridella, horse-chestnut.
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Description of the Larvae of Three Species
of the Genus Aphodius (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Communication 3. Martynov
V. V. — The egg-laying peculiarities and the principal morphological structures
of eggs and the first-instar, second-instar and third-instar larvae of three species
of the genus Aphodius Ill.: Aphodius (Loraspis) frater Mulsant & Rey, 1870,
Aphodius (Eudolus) quadriguttatus (Herbst, 1783) and Aphodius (Biralus) satellitius
(Herbst, 1789) are described and illustrated. This larvae was obtained as the
result of a laboratory content. All described species are types for the appropriate
subgenus. The original egg-laying of A. frater is described. The originality of
a structure and high taksonomical significance of the genital appendages of male
pupa for diagnostics of Aphodius quadriguttatus is marked. The structure of the
raster of anal sternit, which have not any analogs among described species of
a genus Aphodius is offered to use as a basic distinctive indication for the diagnostics
of A. satellitius larvae. The considerable size increasing of an egg during the
development of embryon is the singularity of embryonal development of A. satellitius,
that reduces in a rupture of dense envelopes of the horion on early embryotic
stages.In an outcome it to a moment of an exit of the larva from an egg it completely
is liberated from horion and is covered only with thin and elastic envelope. Such
mode of a release from horion in a course of the embryogenez till now was not
marked at scarabaeoidae beetles.
Key words: Scarabaeidae, Aphodius, larvae, egg-laying peculiarities.
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Quantitative Composition of Diversity of the
Coastal Ichthyofauna of Arabian Sea. Manilo L. G. — Original data on composition
of the coastal ichthyofauna of Arabian Sea up to the depth of 500 m are presented.
Quantity of fish taxons on different sections of shelf of Arabian Sea are provided.
Quantitative characteristics of the orders, families and genera are provided and
the best represented taxa are specified. Comparative taxonomic analysis of coastal
fishes of Arabian Sea and the best studied in this respect marine aquatories of
South Africa and tropical East Atlantic waters has been carried out, values of
similarity on species level are provided for the above mentioned regions.
Key words: taxa, coastal ichthyofauna, composition, Arabian Sea, World Ocean.
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The Data on Caryology of Green Frogs (Rana
ridibunda, R. lessonae, R. esculenta) from Ukraine. Suryadna N. N. — The caryotypes
of green frogs from Ukraine are described. Caryotypes show certain similarity
in the representatives of all taxa, the chromosome sets includes 5 pairs of large
and 8 pairs of small chromosomes. Concerning the morphology of chromosomes the
following formulas are characteristic for each species: R. ridibunda Pallas, 1771
— 4 metha-(m) + 7 submetha-(sm) + 2 subtelecentrics (st), 2n = 26, N. F. = 52;
R. lessonae Camerano, 1882 — 6m + 5sm + 2st, 2n = 26, N. F. = 52; R. esculenta
Linnaeus, 1758 — 5m + 6sm + 2st, 2n = 26, N. F. = 52. All the three species differ
in the 12th and the 13th pairs of chromosomes: in R. ridibunda they are submethacentrics,
in R. lessonae they are methacentrics, in R. esculenta the 12th pair is heteromorphous
(m-sm, less often sm-st). The secondary knot is present on the long shoulder of
the 9th pair of chromosomes in all the species. The secondary knot was found on
the shorter shoulder of the 3rd pair of R. esculenta. These data show that the
caryological variability of the green frogs complex in Ukraine has its own features
and requires the further study.
Key words: Rana ridibunda, R. lessonae, R. esculenta, chromosomes, caryotype,
Ukraine.
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Soil Mesofauna Formation Effected by Mammalia
Soil Burrowers in the Ravine Oak Forests of the Samara River Area. Pakhomov
Î. E. — Materials, characterizing the influence of different mammals (Spalecidae,
Suidea, Cricetidea, Muridae) burrowing activity into the soil mesofauna formation
in the ravine oak forests located in the Samara River area, have been presented
(Dniepropetrovsk region, Ukraine). The mammals burrowing activity effect on the
species diversity, number and biomass of the soil mesofauna is characterised on
the basis of the long-term investigations performed at the international biosphere
Samara River stationary. It has been shown that the physical and chemical conditions
changed by the soil burrowers finally cause the mesofauna species diversity increase
on 25–50%. The animals total number increases on 134–149% and biomass — on 120–145%.
The initial reduction of all indices is manifested as general appropriateness.
Later on, the older the burrowed areas become, the more intensive their growth
is. Some fading of the process mentioned can be observed as far as the oldest
burrowed places are concerned. Soil mesofauna functional structure rearrangement
according to the trophic groups classification is noted. Saprophages values increase
according to all indices, zoophages heighten moderately, phytophages reduce slightly.
The process is challenged by the different length of the animals development cycle.
The mesofauna number and biomass increase total efficiency are: 18.7 specimens/m2
and 3.2 g/m2 in the whole system. Species number, biomass alterations and soil
mesofauna functional structure rearrangement heighten the total environmental
stability, intensify the soil formation process and protect the autotrophic part
of the whole system.
Key words: soil mesofauna, soil burrowers, ecosystem, species diversity, biomass,
functional structure.
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Reproduction of the Common Crane, Grus grus,
in the East of Ukraine Depending on Weather Conditions. Winter S. V., Gorlov
P. I. — Thirteen breeding seasons of Common Crane, Grus grus (Linnaeus, 1758),
in the east of Ukraine are analyzed. Dates of egg laying in a local population
in the south of breeding range are found to be so later as daily average air temperatures
before breeding season are lower. Median dates of egg laying are altered by 1.12
days as these temperatures change by 1.0?C. The mechanism, which explains such
a phenomenon, is proposed: low temperatures before breeding season influence the
terms of Common Crane breeding directly (birds can not build the nest before ice
thawing) and indirectly as well (by means of forage reserves). The similar relationship
was found for the neighbour species in the same biotopes — Mallard Duck (Anas
platyrhynchos) and Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos). Such relationship between
the beginning terms of breeding period and air temperatures before breeding is
supposed to be specific for different species and typical for the most birds in
middle latitudes with temperate climate.
Key words: Common Crane, breeding, weather condition, correlation.
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The Morphological Dependence Between the Closing
Apparatus and the Shell Shape of Clausiliidae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Baidashnikov
A. A. — The parameters of clausilium plate (length and width), shell (number of
whorls, height) and whorl (width, inter?suture interval, distance from shell top)
are examined in 4 species of Clausiliidae. The correlation between these parameters
is also analyzed. The clausilium plate is leading in movement of the shell and
is narrowed together with the shell shape in the process of the increasing of
whorl number. The shell is narrowed in two ways: reduction of whorl width or by
the increase of the inter?suture interval (depending on the whorl number in the
shell). The length of clausilium plate decreases relatively to the height of shell
(not less than the value 0.10–0.11 of the shell height) in the process of increasing
the whorl number and reveals a growing dependence from the whorl parameters. The
shell form of Clausiliidae and other families is analyzed.
Key words: clausilium plate, closing apparatus, parameters of whorls.
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Morphological Characters of the Pupae of Some
Tiger Moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) of Far East Russia. Pljushch I. G., Dolinskaya
I. V. — Pupae of 6 species representing 5 genera of Arctiidae, were examined.
Descriptions and comparative morphological analysis are provided for all these
species. As a result, all the examined species are subdivided into 2 groups; the
diagnostic characters for species are chosen.
Key words: Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, pupa, morphology, descriptions, diagnostic
characters.
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A Chordodid Worm (Nematomorpha, Gordiacea)
from Orenburg Region of Russia. Spiridonov S. E. — General morphology and
cuticular structures of a single female specimen of the nematomorph worm are described.
The specimen was collected on the well bottom in Buzuluk Reserve, Orenburg region,
Russia. According to the features of cuticular surface this nematomorph worm belongs
to the family Chordodidae, representatives of which are common in tropics, not
in temperate regions.
Key words: horse-hair worms, Nematomorpha, Chordodidae, tropical faunistic elements,
report from temperate region, parasites of insects.
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Reisseronia tschetverikovi — Little-known
Species of Bagworm Moth (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) Fauna of Ukraine. Rutjan
E. V. — Hitherto unknown female of Reisseronia tschetverikovi Solanikov, 1990
— endemic species of Crimean Mountains. Data on their distribution, bionomics
and behavioral peculiarities are given.
Key words: Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Crimea, Reisseronia tschetverikovi, female,
description
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New and Little-known Curculionoidea Species
(Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) from Ukrainian Fauna. Yunakov N. N., Nazarenko
V. Yu. — As the result of several years of collecting weevils in the Mountain
Crimea and Carpathians, 9 species and 6 genera were recorded for the first time
(Otiorhynchus (s. str.) aurifer Boheman, O. (Amosilnus) simulans Stierlin, O.
(Asphaerorhynchus) formaneki Reitter, Omiamima mollina Boheman, Xylinophorus scobinatus
Hochhuth, Anchonidium ulcerosum Aube, Aparopion costatum Hampe, Sitophilus gotshi
Hochhuth, Ulorhinus bilineatus Germar). New finds listed, and ecological peculiarities
of 8 little-known weevil species (Bryodaemon boroveci Podlussany, Donus tauricus
Zaslavskij, D. arnoldii Zaslavskij, D. geminus Zaslavskij, Trachodes hystrix Gyllenhal,
T. hispidus Linnaeus, Adexius scrobipennis Gyllenhal, Trichopterapion holosericeum
Gyllenhal) are considered.
Key words: Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Dryophthoridae, Apionidae, Anthribidae,
weevils, fauna, Ukraine.
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First Generation Hybrids Between the Nikolsky’s
Adder, Vipera nikolskii, and the Common Adder, Vipera berus (Reptilia, Serpentes,
Viperidae). Zinenko O. I. — The first generation hybrids between the Nikolsky’s
adder (Vipera nikolskii Vedmederya, Grubant et Rudaeva, 1986) and the common adder
(Vipera berus Linnaeus, 1758) were received in captivity. Morphologically, in
the hybrids the characters of parental species and specimens are combined, though
they differ from both species in several features. Among hybrid offspring, the
frequency of ventral scale anomalies is increased. One specimen has an inborn
abnormality. Receiving hybrids shows the possibility of hybridisation under natural
conditions. Further studies of hybrids’ fertility and search of hybrids in natural
populations are necessary.
Key words: Vipera nikolskii, Vipera berus, hybrids, morphology.
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