Vestnik Zoologii

Volume 37, No. 1 (January-February, 2003)
abstracts

First Record of the Horse-chestnut Leafminer Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) on Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae) in Ukraine. Akimov I. A., Zerova M. D., Gershenson Z. S., Narolsky N. B., Kochanez O. M., Sviridov S. V. — A new information concerning appearance of the horse-chestnut moth Cameraria ohridella in Ukraine is represented. A generalized review of the literature sources is given, containing the main data connected with distribution, biology, ecology and methods of the integrated plant protection control of the above mentioned pest of Aesculus hippocastanum. The structure of genitalia of both sexes is discussed.
Key words: integrated pest management, urban areas, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cameraria ohridella, horse-chestnut.

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Description of the Larvae of Three Species of the Genus Aphodius (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Communication 3. Martynov V. V. — The egg-laying peculiarities and the principal morphological structures of eggs and the first-instar, second-instar and third-instar larvae of three species of the genus Aphodius Ill.: Aphodius (Loraspis) frater Mulsant & Rey, 1870, Aphodius (Eudolus) quadriguttatus (Herbst, 1783) and Aphodius (Biralus) satellitius (Herbst, 1789) are described and illustrated. This larvae was obtained as the result of a laboratory content. All described species are types for the appropriate subgenus. The original egg-laying of A. frater is described. The originality of a structure and high taksonomical significance of the genital appendages of male pupa for diagnostics of Aphodius quadriguttatus is marked. The structure of the raster of anal sternit, which have not any analogs among described species of a genus Aphodius is offered to use as a basic distinctive indication for the diagnostics of A. satellitius larvae. The considerable size increasing of an egg during the development of embryon is the singularity of embryonal development of A. satellitius, that reduces in a rupture of dense envelopes of the horion on early embryotic stages.In an outcome it to a moment of an exit of the larva from an egg it completely is liberated from horion and is covered only with thin and elastic envelope. Such mode of a release from horion in a course of the embryogenez till now was not marked at scarabaeoidae beetles.
Key words: Scarabaeidae, Aphodius, larvae, egg-laying peculiarities.

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Quantitative Composition of Diversity of the Coastal Ichthyofauna of Arabian Sea. Manilo L. G. — Original data on composition of the coastal ichthyofauna of Arabian Sea up to the depth of 500 m are presented. Quantity of fish taxons on different sections of shelf of Arabian Sea are provided. Quantitative characteristics of the orders, families and genera are provided and the best represented taxa are specified. Comparative taxonomic analysis of coastal fishes of Arabian Sea and the best studied in this respect marine aquatories of South Africa and tropical East Atlantic waters has been carried out, values of similarity on species level are provided for the above mentioned regions.
Key words: taxa, coastal ichthyofauna, composition, Arabian Sea, World Ocean.

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The Data on Caryology of Green Frogs (Rana ridibunda, R. lessonae, R. esculenta) from Ukraine. Suryadna N. N. — The caryotypes of green frogs from Ukraine are described. Caryotypes show certain similarity in the representatives of all taxa, the chromosome sets includes 5 pairs of large and 8 pairs of small chromosomes. Concerning the morphology of chromosomes the following formulas are characteristic for each species: R. ridibunda Pallas, 1771 — 4 metha-(m) + 7 submetha-(sm) + 2 subtelecentrics (st), 2n = 26, N. F. = 52; R. lessonae Camerano, 1882 — 6m + 5sm + 2st, 2n = 26, N. F. = 52; R. esculenta Linnaeus, 1758 — 5m + 6sm + 2st, 2n = 26, N. F. = 52. All the three species differ in the 12th and the 13th pairs of chromosomes: in R. ridibunda they are submethacentrics, in R. lessonae they are methacentrics, in R. esculenta the 12th pair is heteromorphous (m-sm, less often sm-st). The secondary knot is present on the long shoulder of the 9th pair of chromosomes in all the species. The secondary knot was found on the shorter shoulder of the 3rd pair of R. esculenta. These data show that the caryological variability of the green frogs complex in Ukraine has its own features and requires the further study.
Key words: Rana ridibunda, R. lessonae, R. esculenta, chromosomes, caryotype, Ukraine.

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Soil Mesofauna Formation Effected by Mammalia Soil Burrowers in the Ravine Oak Forests of the Samara River Area. Pakhomov Î. E. — Materials, characterizing the influence of different mammals (Spalecidae, Suidea, Cricetidea, Muridae) burrowing activity into the soil mesofauna formation in the ravine oak forests located in the Samara River area, have been presented (Dniepropetrovsk region, Ukraine). The mammals burrowing activity effect on the species diversity, number and biomass of the soil mesofauna is characterised on the basis of the long-term investigations performed at the international biosphere Samara River stationary. It has been shown that the physical and chemical conditions changed by the soil burrowers finally cause the mesofauna species diversity increase on 25–50%. The animals total number increases on 134–149% and biomass — on 120–145%. The initial reduction of all indices is manifested as general appropriateness. Later on, the older the burrowed areas become, the more intensive their growth is. Some fading of the process mentioned can be observed as far as the oldest burrowed places are concerned. Soil mesofauna functional structure rearrangement according to the trophic groups classification is noted. Saprophages values increase according to all indices, zoophages heighten moderately, phytophages reduce slightly. The process is challenged by the different length of the animals development cycle. The mesofauna number and biomass increase total efficiency are: 18.7 specimens/m2 and 3.2 g/m2 in the whole system. Species number, biomass alterations and soil mesofauna functional structure rearrangement heighten the total environmental stability, intensify the soil formation process and protect the autotrophic part of the whole system.
Key words: soil mesofauna, soil burrowers, ecosystem, species diversity, biomass, functional structure.

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Reproduction of the Common Crane, Grus grus, in the East of Ukraine Depending on Weather Conditions. Winter S. V., Gorlov P. I. — Thirteen breeding seasons of Common Crane, Grus grus (Linnaeus, 1758), in the east of Ukraine are analyzed. Dates of egg laying in a local population in the south of breeding range are found to be so later as daily average air temperatures before breeding season are lower. Median dates of egg laying are altered by 1.12 days as these temperatures change by 1.0?C. The mechanism, which explains such a phenomenon, is proposed: low temperatures before breeding season influence the terms of Common Crane breeding directly (birds can not build the nest before ice thawing) and indirectly as well (by means of forage reserves). The similar relationship was found for the neighbour species in the same biotopes — Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) and Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos). Such relationship between the beginning terms of breeding period and air temperatures before breeding is supposed to be specific for different species and typical for the most birds in middle latitudes with temperate climate.
Key words: Common Crane, breeding, weather condition, correlation.

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The Morphological Dependence Between the Closing Apparatus and the Shell Shape of Clausiliidae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Baidashnikov A. A. — The parameters of clausilium plate (length and width), shell (number of whorls, height) and whorl (width, inter?suture interval, distance from shell top) are examined in 4 species of Clausiliidae. The correlation between these parameters is also analyzed. The clausilium plate is leading in movement of the shell and is narrowed together with the shell shape in the process of the increasing of whorl number. The shell is narrowed in two ways: reduction of whorl width or by the increase of the inter?suture interval (depending on the whorl number in the shell). The length of clausilium plate decreases relatively to the height of shell (not less than the value 0.10–0.11 of the shell height) in the process of increasing the whorl number and reveals a growing dependence from the whorl parameters. The shell form of Clausiliidae and other families is analyzed.
Key words: clausilium plate, closing apparatus, parameters of whorls.

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Morphological Characters of the Pupae of Some Tiger Moths (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) of Far East Russia. Pljushch I. G., Dolinskaya I. V. — Pupae of 6 species representing 5 genera of Arctiidae, were examined. Descriptions and comparative morphological analysis are provided for all these species. As a result, all the examined species are subdivided into 2 groups; the diagnostic characters for species are chosen.
Key words: Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, pupa, morphology, descriptions, diagnostic characters.

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A Chordodid Worm (Nematomorpha, Gordiacea) from Orenburg Region of Russia. Spiridonov S. E. — General morphology and cuticular structures of a single female specimen of the nematomorph worm are described. The specimen was collected on the well bottom in Buzuluk Reserve, Orenburg region, Russia. According to the features of cuticular surface this nematomorph worm belongs to the family Chordodidae, representatives of which are common in tropics, not in temperate regions.
Key words: horse-hair worms, Nematomorpha, Chordodidae, tropical faunistic elements, report from temperate region, parasites of insects.

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Reisseronia tschetverikovi — Little-known Species of Bagworm Moth (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) Fauna of Ukraine. Rutjan E. V. — Hitherto unknown female of Reisseronia tschetverikovi Solanikov, 1990 — endemic species of Crimean Mountains. Data on their distribution, bionomics and behavioral peculiarities are given.
Key words: Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Crimea, Reisseronia tschetverikovi, female, description

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New and Little-known Curculionoidea Species (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) from Ukrainian Fauna. Yunakov N. N., Nazarenko V. Yu. — As the result of several years of collecting weevils in the Mountain Crimea and Carpathians, 9 species and 6 genera were recorded for the first time (Otiorhynchus (s. str.) aurifer Boheman, O. (Amosilnus) simulans Stierlin, O. (Asphaerorhynchus) formaneki Reitter, Omiamima mollina Boheman, Xylinophorus scobinatus Hochhuth, Anchonidium ulcerosum Aube, Aparopion costatum Hampe, Sitophilus gotshi Hochhuth, Ulorhinus bilineatus Germar). New finds listed, and ecological peculiarities of 8 little-known weevil species (Bryodaemon boroveci Podlussany, Donus tauricus Zaslavskij, D. arnoldii Zaslavskij, D. geminus Zaslavskij, Trachodes hystrix Gyllenhal, T. hispidus Linnaeus, Adexius scrobipennis Gyllenhal, Trichopterapion holosericeum Gyllenhal) are considered.
Key words: Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Dryophthoridae, Apionidae, Anthribidae, weevils, fauna, Ukraine.

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First Generation Hybrids Between the Nikolsky’s Adder, Vipera nikolskii, and the Common Adder, Vipera berus (Reptilia, Serpentes, Viperidae). Zinenko O. I. — The first generation hybrids between the Nikolsky’s adder (Vipera nikolskii Vedmederya, Grubant et Rudaeva, 1986) and the common adder (Vipera berus Linnaeus, 1758) were received in captivity. Morphologically, in the hybrids the characters of parental species and specimens are combined, though they differ from both species in several features. Among hybrid offspring, the frequency of ventral scale anomalies is increased. One specimen has an inborn abnormality. Receiving hybrids shows the possibility of hybridisation under natural conditions. Further studies of hybrids’ fertility and search of hybrids in natural populations are necessary.
Key words: Vipera nikolskii, Vipera berus, hybrids, morphology.

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