Information Factors of Pathosystems Organisation and Their
Coevolution on an Example of Regulation of Onthogenesis and Reproduction of Acari
and Insecta and Synchronization of Their Phylogenesis with Angiospermae. Mitrofanov
V. I., Fadeev Yu. M., Manko A. V., Myttus E. R., Popov S. Ya., Khodakov G. V.,
Khaustov A. A., Yagodinskaya L. P. Izoprenoid regulation of ontogenesis
of organisms, demographic processes in structure of populations and also evolution
and adaptation of species are considered. Theoretical substantiations of its practical
use for management of population growth in rare species conservation and in plant
pathogene control are attempted based on analysis of birth and death rate categories
(productivity), which form the life tables.
Key words: terpenoids, biochemical regulation, ontogenesis, phylogenesis, adaptogenesis,
metabolism of ecosystems.
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Non-Unionid Freshwater Bivalves (Sphaeriidae,
Corbiculidae, Dreissenidae) of North American Fauna. Korniushin A. V. The
article concerns recent representatives of the North American freshwater bivalve
mollusks from the three families: Sphaeriidae, Corbiculidae and Dreissenidae.
Since only the first family contains aborigine North American species, the paper
is focused on this group. The Corbiculidae are represented by a single species
(Corbicula fluminea) and Dreissenidae by two species (Dreissena polymorpha and
D. bugensis) introduced from Europe and Asia.
Key words: Mollusca, Bivalvia, Sphaeriidae, Corbiculidae, Dreissenidae, North
America.
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Life Cycle of the Trematode Halipegus japonicus
( Halipegidae) in Primorskiy Kray (Russia). Besprozvannykh V. V. By the
experimental studies, the life cycle of the trematode Halipegus japonicus Yamaguti,
1936 is shown to involve the Helicorbis sujfunensis and Polypylis semiglobosa
as the first intermediate hosts, ostracode crustaceans as the second and larvae
of the dragonflies Cordulia and Aeschna as the third intermediate host. A possibility
of involvement of the fish species Percottus glehni and Pseudobagrus fulvidraco
into the life cycle of the trematode is shown; the parasite is localized in the
fish esophagus on its early stages.
Key words: Halipegus japonicus, cercaria, metacercaria, marita, life cycle.
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A New Genus and Species of the Family Hypogastruridae
(Collembola) from Skelskaya Cave in the Crimea. Vargovitsh R. S. Taurogastrura
skelica gen. et sp. n. of the family Hypogastruridae from Skelskaya Cave in the
Crimean Mountains is described. The new genus belongs to the hypogastrurian
lineage of genera with reduced number of ommatidia.
Key words: Collembola, Hypogastruridae, new genus, new species, cave, Crimea,
Ukraine.
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Species Diversity and Distribution of Plant-Inhabiting
Phytoseiid Mites (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) in Kaniv Reserve. Kolodochka L.
A., Omeri I. D. The species diversity and distribution of plant-inhabiting
phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) in Kaniv Natural Reserve is studied.
Two mite collections (19661972 and 2005) are compared. Twenty nine phytoseiid
species are recorded. Occurrence of species is calculated and their association
to different vegetations and plant species is shown.
Key words: Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae, phytoseiid mites, Kaniv Natural Reserve,
Central Wood-and-Steppe, Ukraine.
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General Characteristics of the Waterfowl Fauna
in Volyn Forest-Steppe. Khymyn M. V. Volyn Forest-steppe is situated on
the Western part of Ukraine and occupies territory about 10 000 km2. Species list
of waterfowl and status were identified in the studied territory for the first
time. Total of 43 waterfowl species were recorded according to field research
during 19772004 and bibliogra-phy. Among them, 19 species are breeding (13 species
regular breeding, 3 irregular breeding, 3 extinct on breeding), 11 recorded
on passage and 13 vagrants (1 accidentally breeding). Besides 35 species registered
on spring migrations, 22 in breeding period, 35 on autumn migration, 28
in winter (2 species regular wintering, 12 irregular wintering, 2 accidentally
wintering, 12 condi-tionally wintering). Structure of fauna types is following:
5 species belonging to European type, 11 Transpalaearctic, 1 European-Chinese,
8 Siberian, 10 Arctic, 4 Mediterranean and 4 not ascertained origin. 7
species of waterfowl included in Red Data Book of Ukraine, 1 European Red List
and 3 Red List IUCN.
Key words: waterfowl, ornithofauna, Volyn Forest-Steppe, Western Ukraine.
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The Regressive Trend of Complex Phenotypic
Structures in Neutral Evolution. Dzeverin I. I. Evolutionary changes of
characters formed in ontogeny by developmental induction are modeled for an infinite
population and for replicate finite populations under a mutation drift equilibrium.
Induction occurs by interaction of reactants, which must therefore coincide in
time intervals of their abilities to react. This mechanism is being damaged in
evolution of useless structures by random mutations in genes that control simultaneous
formations of reactants, whereas mutational effects on important structures are
restrained by selection. The breakdown of induction mechanisms produces increased
variability and degeneration in vestigial characters. Quantitative estimations
are illustrated by data regarding regressive trends in some groups of mammals.
Time spans sufficient for complete loss of vestigial organs obtained from the
modelings are much smaller than the periods of macroevolutionary changes. Certain
functional value and the genetic correlation with important structures are the
most probable mechanisms that could prevent the rapid loss of vestigial structures.
Key words: vestigial organ, threshold character, quantitative character, developmental
induction, neutral evolution, regressive evolution, morphometric variation, mammals.
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Mollusks of the Genus Planorbis (Gastropoda,
Planorbinae) in the Fauna of Ukraine: Diagnostics, Peculiarities of Distribution
and Ecology. Uvayeva O. ². The complex analysis of conchological and anatomical
characteristics of species of the genus Planorbis using methods of multi-measuring
statistics allows precise identification of 3 species P. planorbis, P. philippianus,
P. carinatus. The ratio of width of last whorl (measured from apical side) to
width of penultimate whorl, ratio of width of penultimate whorl to width of prepenultimate
whorl, ratio of praeputium length to penis sheath length are shown to have diagnostic
importance. New data on distribution and ecology of mollusks of the genus Planorbis
are provided.
Key words: Mollusca, Gastropoda, Planorbis, taxonomy, distribution, ecology.
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Free-Living Kinetoplastids (Protista, Euglenozoa,
Kinetoplastea) from a Small Water Body in Zhitomir. Shevchuk S. Yu. Free-living
kinetoplastids found in the small water body of Zhitomir district are figured
and morphological features of these protists are described.
Key words: morphology, heterotrophic or colourless flagellates, fauna, Kinetoplastea.
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Larvae of the Mordellid Beetle Mordellistena
kraatzi (Coleoptera, Mordellidae). Odnosum V. K. Larvae of the mordellid
beetle Mordellistena kraatzi Emery, 1876 is described.
Key words: Coleoptera, Mordellidae, Mordellistena kraatzi, larvae, diagnostics
described.
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Peculiarities of Fox (Vulpes vulpes) Technogenic
Shelters Using. Legeida I. S. The frequency analysis shows that urban areas
(pipes of gas transport systems under construction, used or abandoned reclamation
system, junk heap, etc.) are more preferable in autumn-winter season compared
with usual nature refuges by fox using different types of shelters. In such shelters,
this species is more vulnerable because of fox dogs. It is possible that by use
artificial shelters, while the natural refuges (burrows, dens) are available enough,
the foxes try to avoid ectoparasite overloading.
Key words: fox, adaptation, natural burrows, technogenic shelters, ectoparasites.