Cryptic Biotypes of Earthworm Octolasion lacteum (Oligochaeta,
Lumbricidae) in Ukraine. Mezhzherin S. V., Onyschuk I. P., Garbar A. V., Zhalay
E. I. —Biochemical gene marking of earthworm Octolasion lacteum Örley, 1885
(= tyrtaeum Savigny 1826) population with data on karyology and morphological
variability helped to find out at least 19 cryptic biotypes at different genetical
differentiation on the territory of Ukraine. In the northern and central parts
of Ukraine two genetically polymorphic symbiotopic forms dominate. They make 90%
of the investigate individuals and differ in fraction of nonspecific esterases.
They are characterized with subtriploid set of chromosomes (2n + x = 38) and anomalous
spermatogenesis going with chromosome number less than haploid and differ in size
and some body proportions. Also on this territory mainly as rare individuals at
least ten subtriploid, probably parthenogenetic, forms were found. In the south
of Ukraine only clone forms with triploid (3n = 54), according to karyological
analysis of earthworms in the Crimea, genome structure were found.
Key words: earthworms, Octolasion lacteum (= tyrtaeum), allozyme polymorphism,
karyotypes, spermatogenesis, clones.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Cricetids (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the Upper
Miocene of Egorovka locality. Sinitsa M. V. — As the result of analysis of
material on fossil draft hamsters from Egorovka 1 and Egorovka 2 localities (Late
Miocene, MN 12, southern Ukraine), two species of the family Cricetidae (Rodentia),
Kowalskia sp. and Pseudocricetus orienteuropaeus W. Topachevski et Skorik, 1992
were recorded. Two morphological and dimensional Pseudocricetus groups of population
status are shown to be pre-sent based on craniodental remains from Egorovka 1
and Egorovka 2. Upper incisors of Pseudocricetus are described for the first time.
Taxonomical and ecological features of draft hamster fauna from those oryctocenoses
are discussed.
Key words: Pseudocricetus, Kowalskia, Miocene, Turolian, MN 12, Ukraine.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Morphology of the Inner Ear in Mammals with
Different Ecological Peculiarities in Ontogeny. Solntseva G. N. — The inner
ear is the first to form, as the core, phylogenetically most ancient formation
of the peripheral auditory system both in phylogenesis and in ontogenesis. As
the development of the inner ear continues, the other parts of the peripheral
auditory system of different evolutionary age start to be formed, and the outer
ear is the evolutionary youngest among them. All parts of the peripheral auditory
system are multicomponent formations. As opposed to the outer and middle ears,
which are characterized by different structural variations and a wide spectrum
of adaptable transformations connected with the peculiarities of species ecology,
the inner ear possesses a variety of functions in the repre-sentatives of different
ecological groups and, therefore, keeps a similar structural organization. Usually,
both in the cochlear and vestibular analyzers the topography, form and size of
separate components vary. Basically, the anatomic formation of the structures
of the inner ear finishes in the early prefetal period, while the cellular differentiation
of the sensory epithelium of the cochlea, maculas and cristae in immature-born
species continues up to the early stages of postnatal ontogenesis. In mature-born
species (cetaceans, ungulates), the differentiation of the inner ear structures
is complete by the moment of birth.
Key words: cochlea, vestibular apparatus, sacculus, utriculus, semicircular canals,
utricular macula, saccular macula, crista ampullaris, receptor cells, organ of
Corti.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Seasonal Changes in Activity, Sex Composition
and Areal of the Tick Ixodes ricinus (Acari, Ixodida) in the Landscape-Geographical
Regions of Ukraine. Akimov I. A., Nebogatkin I. V. — Data on seasonal activity
of adults, nymphs and larvae of the sheep tick Ixodes ricinus Linnaeus are presented
based on examination of our own collections for the period from 1977 to 2001 and
archival materials for the period from 1953 to 2000, as well as data on changes
in its natural habitat that now covers the whole territory of Ukraine. The period
of activity in I. ricinus imagoes becomes longer from north to south and from
west to east. In Ukrainian populations of I. ricinus, females slightly dominate
(on average 52.44 ± 0.55%). The seasonal differences in the sex ratio are as follows:
males are more abundant in springtime, females — in autumn. Significantly larger
numbers of females (on average 52–60%) are registered on population peaks, and
larger numbers of males — on their decrease.
Key words: ticks, areal, natural habitat, seasonal activity, Ukraine.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Chorion Structure of Diapause and Subitaneous
Eggs of Four Diaptomid Copepods (Calanoida, Diaptomidae): SEM Observations. Samchyshyna
L., Santer B. — Scanning electron microscopic examination of diapause eggs
of freshwater Ńalanoida Hemidiaptomus amblyodon Marenzeller, Eudiaptomus vulgaris
(Schmeil), Ĺ. graciloides (Lilljeborg) and subitaneous one s of E. gracilis (Sars)
is described. The chorion surface ornamentation and number of coated layers are
revealed. Diapause eggs have a thick (0.6–4.8 µ), at least two-layered chorion
with patterned surface, whereas subitaneous eggs have a thin (0.13–0.25 µ), single-layered
chorion with smooth surface. The mean number of eggs in egg sac, diameter of eggs
and thickness of chorion were measured. The significance of the egg chorion thickness
for diaptomid species inhabited temporary and/or permanent water-bodies is discussed.
Key words: diapause and subitaneous eggs, chorion structure, SEM, Diaptomidae.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Life Cycle of the Trematode Notocotylus intestinalis
(Digenea, Notocotylidae) under Natural Conditions in Primorye Region (Russia).
Besprozvannykh V. V. — The redia, cercaria, adolescaria and adult trematodes
Notocotylus intestinalis Tubangui, 1932 are described. It was established that
under natural conditions of Primorye Region, the first intermediate hosts of this
trematode are snails Parafossarulus manchouricus and P. spiridonovi. Adult worms
were grown in the chicken.
Key words: Notocotylus intestinalis, cercaria, adolescaria, adult worms (marita),
life cycle.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
The First Records of the Slugs Parmacella
ibera and Deroceras subagreste (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) from Ukraine. Gural-Sverlova
N. V., Martynov V. V., Gural R. I. — Two species of slugs previously unknown
from the territory of Ukraine were collected on the territory of Crimean Peninsula
in May 2006. P. ibera is first representative of the family Parmacellidae registered
in Ukraine.
Key words: slugs, Parmacella, Deroceras, Crimea, Ukraine.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Comparative Efficiency of Nanoparticles of
Some Metals as Desinvasion Means. Voloshyna N. O. — In article results of
comparison desinvasion efficiency nanopasts Ag, Cu, Mg, Zn, Suthat Sumer silver
(Ag + Cu) on eggs Ascaris suum (Goeze, 1782) are stated. The interrelation between
degree selective sedimintetion nnopasts and the period of disinfecting of eggs
nematodes is established.
Key words: Ascaris suum, nanoparticles Ag, Cu, Mg, Zn, Sn, Cu + Ag, desinvasion
efficiency.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
The First Eocene Species of the Genus Micrambe
(Coleoptera, Clavicornia, Cryptophagidae). Lyubarsky G. Yu., Perkovsky E. E.
— Based on a fossil specimen from the Late Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine), Micrambe
sarnensis Lyubarsky et Perkovsky, sp. n., the first Eocene species of this genus
is described. The new species is similar to the extant Micrambe abietis (Paykull)
and M. ulicis (Stephens), differing by having the callosity with an acutangular
caudolateral corner.
Key words: Cryptophagidae, Micrambe, Late Eocene, Rovno amber.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
Podolian Population of European Wild Cat,
Felis silvestris (Carnivora, Felidae), in Ukraine. Shkvyrya M. G. — Finds
of the European Wild Cat, Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777, in Podillia are described.
Twenty specimens of this species were found that shows expansion beyond the known
area of dwelling. Also cats' dens are described.
Key words: European Wild Cat, Felis silvestris, Podillia, Ukraine.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...
On Finding Dexamine thea (Amphipoda, Dexaminidae)
in Ukrainian Territorial Waters (Crimea, Black Sea). Grintsov V. A. — Dexamine
thea Boeck, 1861 (Amphipoda, Dexaminidae), the rare species never registered in
the territorial waters of Ukraine, was first found in Laspi Bay, 40 km of Sevastopol
(Crimea, Black Sea). 200 amphipods were examined and described. The pictures showing
specific morphological characters are given. Sex and size structure of the community
and characteristics of the biotope are discussed.
Key words: amphipods, exotic species, epibiota.
<<< Back to the Table of Contents...